Differences between radio shows

The difference between todays radio shows and 10 years ago are quite clear, from the presenters to the jingles,he production of the show and sounds have become more complex and even a more of a variety of music to fit the ever growing audience that radio now has the radio industry has changed dramaticly through out the years, ie,

BBC Radio 1 Tom Browne UK Top 20 Singles Chart Countdown (March 1975)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yel_iJWcCY8

What happens at the beginning of the show?

A cheesy upbeat pop jingle accompanied by male singers is used to open the show which sets a positive mood for the audience which makes them want to stay tuned. The quality of the opening jingle which is very muffled and crackly shows the time era of the show in which they didn't have very good recording equipment. Also the use of the male singers and a male host shows how male orientated the radio industry was back then.

What different elements of audio are used?

Male singers, upbeat pop music, trumpets

What style of music is played in the background?

The background music used whilst the host is talking is also a very upbeat pop song in which is quite catchy and current with the times of the show. It is used to set a positive mood about the show and to keep the audience listening.

What is the tone of the show?

The tone of the show is very happy and upbeat which leaves an effect on the audience, it reaches out to the society of that time to listen and enjoy.

Who are the audience of the show?

The audience of this show would be middle upper class young people as the music being played is very 'pop-ish' and therefore reaches out to the younger generations. Also the music isn't very diverse and therefore only reaches out to the people who like this certain kind of music

What is the structure of the intro?

The structure of the intro consists of a cheesy pop jingle accompanied by male singers to engage the audience

BBC Radio 1 Mark Goodier UK Top 10 Singles Chart Countdown (28th May 1995)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gZqRSYQUnlY

What happens at the beginning of the show?

An upbeat sci-fi sounding piece of music is played to introduce the show and to set a positive mood on the show this is instead of a jingle in the previous extract. The DJ jumps straight into introducing the show unlike the 1975 extract in which the jingle is played for a while before the DJ starts to speak. The jingle is better quality then the previous extract but still slightly crackly.

What different elements of audio are used?

upbeat jingle

What style of music is played in the background?

The background music used whilst the host is talking is the same as the starting music, it is played throughout the extract.

What different voices are heard? What are they like?

The DJ has a more working class voice instead of posh to reach out to more of an audience, he has no accent etc which dosent restrict what area he may be targeting with his show.

What is the tone of the show?

The tone of the show is more serious and less cheesy then the previous extract but still manages to keep a positive mood throughout the extract to keep the audience engaged

Who are the audience of the show?

The audience of this show would be any class in society but the younger generation because they are still playing the 'youngish' music within the show, although the music is more slightly more diverse then the previous extract.

What is the structure of the intro?

The structure consists of the starting music playing and the DJ starting the show straight away unlike the previous extract where the DJ waited for the music to stop playing to introduce the show.

Jessie J guests on The Official Chart with Reggie Yates

http://www.youtube.com/user/bbcradio1?blend=4&ob=4#p/c/518D36E5BE901402/2/g0E0E8WliHs

What happens at the beginning of the show?

If you where listening to the radio you would hear Reggie introducing and explaining about the mystery guest which then engages the audience as you want to know who the mystery guest is as well on the other hand if your watching the show on the internet(more complex equipment) you are able to see who the mystery guest is and therefore watch Reggie try to guest, this creates dramatic irony for the audience which engages them more. Unlike the previous extracts theres no music or jingle at the beginning of the show.

What different elements of audio are used?

upbeat jingle which introduces Reggie in the middle of the show

What style of music is played in the background?

In this extract apart form the jingle there is no music played in the background

What different voices are heard? What are they like?

Reggie Yates has a very working class voice in which he uses slang etc which reaches out the the younger generation and certain parts of London. You can also tell by hes voice he is a different ethnicity from the previous extracts which widens their audience. Jessie J also has a working class voice which has a slightly cockney twang to it.

What is the tone of the show?

The tone of the show is more positive and mysterious then the previous, the mysterious tone engages the audience.

Who are the audience of the show?

The audience of this show would be more working class youngsters due to the presenter and guests used on the show. Also the music is a lot more diverse then before so they have a wider target audience then the previous extracts.

What is the structure of the intro?

The structure consists of the Reggie introducing and explaining about the mystery guest in the studio it then goes onto him guessing who the mystery guest is.

Evaluating Our Footage

Google definition of the 180 degree rule:
The 180° rule is a basic guideline in film making that states that two characters (or other elements) in the same scene should always have the same left/right relationship to each other. If the camera passes over the imaginary axis connecting the two subjects, it is called crossing the line

Our footage consisted of a gay couple arguing about how one had cheated and how he didnt want to be with the other anymore. Dan and Callum played the roles of the gay couple whilst myself, Matt Hickin, Sarah and Matt Hillaby controlled the camera.
Matt Hicken started the footage by using a establishing shot, the only downfall on this shot was that the camera wobbled slightly due to the wind and the transistion between this shot and the medium was very sudden but apart from that everything else was perfect. The only thing we would change was the wobble of the camera as it made the footage look unproffesional and make the transistion look smoother between the scenes.
I then had to do the medium shot, on the first take I stoped the footage to suddenly so I then had to re-film it. After refilming the medium shot it was still to short but this was only realised during editing, so we would have change the length of the medium shot to make the transistion look smoother.
Lastly Sarah and Matt Hillaby had to film the close up's, the downfalls on these shots where that they were more like medium close up's due to the head room and being able to see below the shoulders which a close up does not contain, we also had problems with the sound due to the wind and filming outside, this was also only realised during the editing process. If we were to re-film this we would correct the shot sizes and film indoors were there is no interferance with the sound.

Media Codes & Conventions


Conventions - what you would expect to find within a genre ie soap opera's -cliffhangers.

Codes - How camera, sounds, mise-en-scene editing and special effects are used to communicate, manipulate and engage the audience and also to make the audience think, feel and expect certain things.


Western

The conventions you would expect to find within a western is obvious your typical hero/villain characters, cowboys, guns, deserts, tumbleweeds and the list goes on. These conventions are used for a specific reason, they are used so you automaticly realise what the genre of the film is whilst watching it in this case a western.

Camera Shots

The conventional camera shots within a western include:

- Extreme close ups on eyes guns hands etc to create tension and to show important

objects which may play an important part later on in the scene

- Close ups' are used to show expressions or reactions of the characters which takes us into the mind of the character. Also it involves the audience within the scene and they therefore

feel more involved with the film and its action.

- Westerns contain a lot of tracking shots in which they track the characters riding on horses to create excitement and adrenaline for the audience on wondering where they are going.

- The uses of extreme long shots are used to set the scene for the audience and to show the surroundings ie in a battle scene which helps to create tension as they can see what is happening on both behalf's.

Sound

The use of sound plays a important part in the conventions of a western. The exaggerated sound effects of the gun shots etc creates tension and excitement for the audience ie during a fight scene as there might be a lot of action happening but as soon as you here a gun shot the audience automatically know something bad has happened. The main soundtrack is normally an old-fashioned sound track to suit the western scenes, this is normally played during a fight scene or whilst galloping on the horses to create excitement for the audience.

Mise-en-scene

The conventions of mise-en-scene are shown clearly throughout the western genre, for example you can also tell clearly character from character by the way they are dressed etc. For example the sterotypicial hero within western classical is normally dressed in light tan work clothes cleanly shaven, masculine, which connotes your typical hero where as a villain is normally unshaven, dirty looking, dark clothes which gives the impression of an evil character. The use of the dark colours and being unshaven gives a sense of evil and unclean character to the audience which gives the audience an opinion on the character immediately.

The use of props within in a western plays a important part in creating the scene, for example the conventional props used within western are, guns, whips, ropes etc. The use of guns within certain scenes inwesterns automatically creates tension as the audience wonder what the gun is going to be used for

etc.

The lighting in a western is bright/tanned to exaggerate the heat of the desert to the audience it also helps to emphasise certain aspects of the scenes. Also the use of bright lights/natural lighting creates a sense authenticity and realism within scenes. Also "Frontal lighting" illuminates a subject's front, while "side lighting" enhances profiles. "Underlighting" when positioned below an actor's face is least attractive for an actor/actress, while "top lighting" emphasizes hes/her beauty. "Underlighting" gives villains a sinister appearance, and adds suspense for the audience.
The conventional setting of a western is normally an old town or the desert, the use of the browns/oranges on set exaggurates the climate, when seeing a set like this you automaticly think western as no other genre has this kind of setting.

Horror

Conventions of a horror

• Gore
• Death
• Blood
• Weapons
• Victims
• Hero's/Villains
• Isolated settings
• Dark

Camera Shots

- Close up's are used in horror to show emotion/fear on a characters face and to bring attention to a certain aspect/object of the scene ie a knife used in a killing.

- Extreme long shot's are used to establish the scene ie to show a haunted mansion

- Long shot's are used to show a character and its surroundings at the same time may be used during a chase to show the character and what it is being chased by.

- Dutch tilt is a popular angle to use in horror as it creates disorientation for the audience, also hand-held is another popular movement, it creates a jerky hand held movement which creates tension for the audience and involves them almost in the action as if its from their eyes.
- High/low angle shots to give a sense of superiority.

Sound

Sound effects are used frequently in the horror genre to create fear and tension for the audience for example the use of a scream at the end of a corridor would leave the audience in fear but intrigued as to what is at the end of the corridor. Soundtracks are also used frequently during a horror from a twinkle of a music box to a screeching, this helps to set the scene but also to create tension for the audience, without sound effects or a soundtrack horror's wouldnt have the same effect on the audience as it does with. The soundtrack also helps to signal a climax within the scene.

Mise-en-scene

In terms of costumes conventional horror costumes they differ depending on the horror. For example in 'The Grudge' the 'hero' and 'villains' wear casual clothes bit with difference of colour to contrast eachothers characters where as in a horror like 'Nightmare On Elm Street' the villain wears a costume to emphasise hes characters evilness, so in terms of costume there isn't really any conventions expected except for abit of blood splater on the clothes. Another way you can tell who is the villain is the villain often has a trademark characteristic in the way he/she kills, for example the people he/she kills or the weapon he uses to kill them.
Conventional props include knifes, some sort of torturing objects, dead bodies etc. The use of props such as knifes and dead bodies creates immediate tension for the audience as they wonder why the bodies have been killed and what the knife is going to be used for next, even such simple props such as a knife plays such a big role in the horror genre.
The lighthing in a horror is normally low-key to create shadows and suggest danger and also to create a eerie sense within the scenes, this creates a spooky atomsphere in which you then expect something to happen, the use of flashing white lights is used often to create a eerie effect on the scene which then creates tension for the audience as they are wondering what happens next.
In terms of set the sterotypical sets in horror they normally consists of haunted mansions or a dark graveyard, when the audience see sets such as these they automaticly think horror and danger.


Action Adventure

Conventions

• Hero, Heroine, Villain
• Someone in danger
• Action/Violence
• Suspense
  

Camera Shots

The conventional camera work in a action adventure is used to create suspence/urgancy. For example tracking is used in chase scenes, this creates suspence and tension for the audience as they want to know what it going to happen and where they are going. The use of high/low angle shots are used to give a sense of superiority over another character. Finally the use of close-up's are used to show expression/emotion of a character which helps the audience to empathise with them, and may be used to exaggurate something important to the audience.

Sound

The use of conventional fast tempo sound tracks within action adventure exaggurates suspense/excitement for the audience, without a soundtrack for a battle or chase scene it wouldnt have the same effect as it does on the audience with it, it also helps to signal a climax within the scene. The use of sound effects such as a clang of swords or a gunshot helps create suspense in the scene as it exaggurates what is happening within the scene, they also help to signal something has happend within a scene that the audience may not have realised.

Mise-en-scene

Within action adventure the lighting is low-key to create shadows and suggest danger, it also helps to create an eerie atmosphere which helps to create tension for the audience and leaves them wondering what is going to happen next, also the use of natrualistic lighting helps to make the scene look more realistic which creates more suspense for the audience. The setting of action adventure is normally trapping/exotic of some sort where the characters have to contend with extremes of climate, as well as evil forces or a country unknown to them, this helps you to sympathise with the characters as they have no idea where they are but have to contend with villains as well, its normally dull/dark and unusual to set a scene up for action.
Once again the costume differs depending on what type of action adventure it is, for example 'Indianna Jones' wears light tanned work like clothes which contrasts with the villains dark constumes, this helps you to tell the difference between the two and the costume reflects their being ie the dark clothing connotes evil/dark which automaticly makes you think villain. Were as in a film such as 'Spiderman' they wear actual costumes which you can automaticly tell the difference between good in evil due to the colour and shape of their costumes.
Props used within the action adventure are simple but effective, the most common is a gun, when the audience see this gun they automaticly know action is about to happen which creates tension for them as they are wondering what and why it is happening.